Atomic Properties of Rb
- Atomic Number of Rb
- 37
- Atomic Mass of Rb
- 85.4680 u
- Electron Configuration
- [Kr] 5s1
- Electronegativity
- 0.82
- Block
- s-block
- Group
- 1
- Period
- 5
Rubidium (Rb) is element 37 on the periodic table. Atomic mass of Rb: 85.4680 u. Rb is in period 5, group 1. Melting point of Rb: 312.45 K.Density of Rb: 1.53 g/cm³.
Rubidium in everyday life and industry
Rubidium has no known essential biological role. Behaves similarly to potassium in the body. Can substitute for potassium in cells. Rubidium-82 PET scans assess heart blood flow.
Discovered by R. Bunsen, G. Kirchoff in Germany, 1861
Name origin: Latin: rubidus (deep red); the color its salts impart to flames.
Soft silvery metallic element, belongs to group 1 of the periodic table. Rb-97, the naturally occurring isotope, is radioactive. It is highly reactive, with properties similar to other elements in group 1, like igniting spontaneously in air. Discovered spectroscopically in 1861 by W. Bunsen and G.R. Kirchoff.
Rubidium has 2 naturally occurring isotopes, plus 1 notable radioactive isotope.
| Isotope | Atomic Mass (u) | Abundance | Half-Life | Decay Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8237Rb (Rb-82)Rubidium-82 isotope | 81.9182086 | 0% | 1.27 minutes | β⁺, EC |
| 8537Rb (Rb-85)Rubidium-85 isotope | 84.91178974 | 72.17% | — | — |
| 8737Rb (Rb-87)Rubidium-87 isotope | 86.90918053 | 27.83% | — | — |
Data source: NIH PubChem (aggregated from IUPAC, NIST)
Isotopes of Rubidium have important real-world applications in science and industry.
87Rb (with a half-life of 4.97×1010 years) is a long-lived radioisotope that is transformed into 87Sr by emission of a beta-minus particle (an electron) and an antineutrino. From the abundance of 87Sr and the Rb/Sr amount ratio in a rock, its age of crystallization can be calculated. Rb/Sr dating is one of the most widely employed techniques for dating geological samples [292].
82Rb (with a half-life of 75 s) acts similarly to potassium and is used for imaging of the heart to better assess heart muscle function as a radioactive analog to potassium [293], [294]. 82Rb is being considered as an alternative to highly-enriched uranium for producing medically important radioisotopes [293].
Used as a catalyst, photocells, and vacuum and cathode-ray tubes.
Occurs abundantly, but so widespread that production is limited. Usually obtained from lithium production.
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