Atomic Properties of Ba
- Atomic Number of Ba
- 56
- Atomic Mass of Ba
- 137.3300 u
- Electron Configuration
- [Xe] 6s2
- Electronegativity
- 0.89
- Block
- s-block
- Group
- 2
- Period
- 6
Barium (Ba) is element 56 on the periodic table. Atomic mass of Ba: 137.3300 u. Ba is in period 6, group 2. Melting point of Ba: 1000.00 K.Density of Ba: 3.51 g/cm³.
The heavy metal that lights up your X-rays and fireworks
Not essential. Soluble barium salts block potassium channels, causing muscle paralysis.
Discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in England, 1808
Name origin: Greek: barys (heavy or dense).
Silvery-white reactive element, belonging to group 2 of the periodic table. Soluble barium compounds are extremely poisonous. Identified in 1774 by Karl Scheele and extracted in 1808 by Humphry Davy.
Barium has 7 naturally occurring isotopes.
| Isotope | Atomic Mass (u) | Abundance | Half-Life | Decay Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13056Ba (Ba-130)Barium-130 isotope | 129.9063207 | 0.1060% | — | — |
| 13256Ba (Ba-132)Barium-132 isotope | 131.9050611 | 0.1010% | — | — |
| 13456Ba (Ba-134)Barium-134 isotope | 133.9045082 | 2.417% | — | — |
| 13556Ba (Ba-135)Barium-135 isotope | 134.9056884 | 6.592% | — | — |
| 13656Ba (Ba-136)Barium-136 isotope | 135.9045757 | 7.854% | — | — |
| 13756Ba (Ba-137)Barium-137 isotope | 136.9058271 | 11.23% | — | — |
| 13856Ba (Ba-138)Barium-138 isotope | 137.905247 | 71.70% | — | — |
Data source: NIH PubChem (aggregated from IUPAC, NIST)
Isotopes of Barium have important real-world applications in science and industry.
Barium isotope ratios (particularly 138Ba/134Ba) are used in cosmochemistry to trace nucleosynthetic processes and study the origin of solar system materials in meteorites.
133Ba is used as a gamma-ray calibration source in nuclear medicine equipment and radiation detection instruments due to its convenient half-life (10.5 years) and well-defined gamma energies.
Barite, or barium sulfate (BaSO4), when ground is used as a filter for rubber, plastics, and resins. It is insoluable in water and so is used in X-rays of the digestive system. Barium nitrate, Ba(NO3)2, burns brilliant green and is used in fireworks.
Found in barytine (BaSO4) and witherite (BaCO3), never found in pure form due to its reactivity. Must be stored under kerosene to remain pure.
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